Loom.



No. 732,043. PATENTED JUNE 30, 1903. J. O. BROOKS.

LOOM.

APPLIOATION FILED FEB. 1. 1900.

N0 MODEL. 3 SHBETS-SHBBT l.

No. 732,043. PATNTBD JUNE 30, 1903.

J. C. BROOKS.

LOOM.

APPLIOATION FILED PEB. 1. 1900.

No MODEL. y a sHBBTssHEnT 2.

@MM 7g No. 732,043. l PATENTED JUNE 30, 1903.

J. O. BROOKS.

LOOM.

APPLICATION FILED PEB. 1. 1900. N0 MODEL.

4UNrrnD 'STATES Patented June 30, 1903.

PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN C. BROOKS, OF PATERSON, NEW JERSEY, ASSIGNOR, BY MESNE A S-SIGNMENTS, TO DRAPER COMPANY, OF I-IOPEDALE, MASSACHUSETTS,

A CORPORATION OF MAINE.

LOOM.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent N o. 732,043, dated June30, 1903.

l Application filed February l, 1900. Serial No. 3.563. (No model.)

.To all whom t may concern:

Beit known that I, JOHN C. Bnooks, a citizen of the United States,residing at Paterson, in the county of Passaic, State of New Jersey,have invented an Improvement in Looms, of which the followingdescription, in connection with the accompanying drawings, is aspecification, like letters on the drawings representing like parts.

My invention is an electric loom, being particularly adapted forsilkweaving, although capable of use for general weaving purposes, andis preferably an electrical adaptation of the form of loom shown in myUnited States Patent No. 473,377, granted April 19, 1892.

YIn silk-weaving particularly there is so much nicety of action andadjustment required that most of the work is still done by hand, and theautomatic looms have made very slow headway, one reason therefor beingthat silk-weaving requires very accurate tension on the thread, this notbeing so required in cotton-weaving, and also the prejudice andpreference of the silk-weavers for the old methods has necessitatedcertain styles of apparatus which have long since disappeared inconnection with cotton-weaving. Accordingly I have devised the presentform for accomplishing automatically the required results insilk-weaving, (and likewise in all other kinds of weaving, as may bedesired,) myinvention including, preferably, a tension device and alsoincluding the automatic supplying of filling to the shuttles by means ofelectrical connections. I have also provided a special means forpreventing uneven or improper position of the cop or thread mass withinthe shuttle, and various other improvements and advantages of myinvention will be pointed out in the course of thefollowing description,reference being had to the accompanying drawings, illustrative of apreferred embodiment of my invention, and the latter will be moreparticularly defined in the appended claims.

In the drawings, Figure lis a fragmentary view from the left side,partly in section, showing a sufficient portion of a loom to enable myinvention readily to be understood.

Fig. 2 is a front elevation thereof. Fig. 3 is a top plan view thereof.Fig. 4 isa view similar to Fig. 3, the filling-carrier being re-` movedfor the purpose of showing` the feeler and adjacent mechanism. Figs. 5and 6 are respectively views of the shuttle in top plan and frontelevation. Fig. 7 is a cross-sectional view thereof on the line 7 7,Fig. 5. Figs. 8 and 9 are respectively views in longitudinal section andend elevation of a quill or'cop included in my invention. Figs. 10, 1l,and 12 are respectively views in top elevation, longitudinal, and crosssection of the tension device. Figs. 13, 14, and l5 are perspectiveviews of details to be referred to.

While I have shown my invention applied to one particular form of broadloom, it will be understood that with slight modifications it may beadapted for various other kinds of looms.

The-loom side a, breast-beam a', lay a2, laysword a3, binder or swella4,shuttle d5, pickerstick a, dagger a7, frog 0.8, reed 0.9, reed-railorhand-rail d10, and various other details of construction may be ef anyusual or preferred kind and will not, therefore, be further referred to.

At one end of the loom-frame above the breast-beam I mount afiller-carrying mechanism, shown as of the endless-belt or card varietyof my patent before mentioned and comprising forward and rearsprocket-wheels b and chains b, carrying small clips b2 and springs b3,substantially the same as in my aforesaid patent, and carried inbrackets b4 of peculiar construction. On the outer end of one of theaxles bx of one set of sprocketwheels b I mount a ratchet-wheel b5,engaged by a pawl b, pivoted in an arm 137, loosely mounted on the axleor shaft bx and connected freely at its end bya link b8 with a crank b9,extending upwardly (see Fig. 1 from a rock-shaft bw, journaled at the'front of the filling-changing mechanism, asclearly shown in Fig. 2. Theshaft blo is normally held in the position shown in Fig. l by a spring sand has fixed thereon two upwardly-overhanging arms i212, which serve asactuators for an ejector or discharge plate b1, mounted in vertical waysbm, provided in the ends Z215 of the brack- IOO ets b4 for the purposeof discharging or ejecting the filling or fresh bobbins into the shuttleWhen the filling of the latter has been eX- hausted, or nearly so, saidejector and arms being connected by links Z916. At its righthand end,viewing Fig. 2, the shaft Z910 has a crank or rocker arm Z917, pivotedat the free end of a lever Z918, (see Fig. 1,) normally resting on astop Z919 in the adjacent loom side. The latter lever Z918 carries atits rear free end a second lever Z911, pivoted thereto at Z920, saidlever having a forward L-shaped end Z921, normally resting beneath thelever Z918 and projecting into the path of a depending end Z922 of alever Z923, pivoted to the loom side and carrying an armature Z924 atits rear end, and the lever Z911 has a forked rear end Z925, adapted toengage a bunter c', secured to any suitable part, being herein shown asfastened rigidly to the lay (L2. The forked end Z925 of the lever Z911is normally below the line of movement of the bunter c and is only inthe path of said movement when raised thereinto -by the lever Z923,which at such time is raised port a feeler d, comprising two arms d' d2,

loosely pivoted together and held against stops d3 d4 by springs d5 d6.(See Fig. 4.) The feeler is preferably metallic and insulated from itssupporting-bracket, and at its free end enters a usual opening e in theshuttlc-box e', said feeler operating in general the same as feclerscommonly provided.

The shuttle a5 is shown in Figs. 5.and 6 and in general is constructedthe same as usual, excepting as its form is required to be changed inorder to receive and retain the bobbin or filling carrier andfilling-case and tension device, as will be presently explained, andcontains aplurality of spring-clips f, (shown in detail in Fig. 7,) saidclips coperating with depressions yin a filling-case g, which I preferto specially provide in connection with the filling, as will be morefully pointed out. The filling-case g is preferably made of metal andcarries a metal spindle g, hinged at g2 and operating in substantiallythe same manner as the kind of bobbin-holders sometimes provided inshuttles, although it will be understood that I do not restrict myselfto this form of bobbin-support, as any other usual or preferred devicefor this purpose may be employed within my invention, and, indeed,broadly considered, I do not restrict myself to the filling-case,although for slkweaving it is much preferable. The

Yshuttle has a hole f', adapted to aline with the hole e i-n theshuttle-box for the entrance of the feeler, and adjacent said hole Ihave shown a contact-plate f2, having connection by a wiref3 (indicatedin dotted lines in Fig. 5) to the end springfwithin the shuttle andagainst which the metal case g bears when in the shuttle.

In silk-weaving, as already mentioned, it is necessary to have uniformand accurate tension, and I have found that the tension is often variedby the twisting or incorrect positioning of the bobbin within theshuttle, as if the bobbin is slightly to one side the thread will notdraw off evenly, but will draw off harder on one side than Vit does onthe other, and this unevenness will produce disastrous results,especially at the edge of the web being woven,(as1oomtemples are notordinarily used in Weaving silk.) I have therefore devised aconstruction in whichA the length of the bobbin is materially shortened,

thereby not only minimizing the irregularity l of tension which would beproduced if the bobbin should get out of true alinement, but alsorendering the latter less liable to become defiected out of trueposition by the filling changing or ejecting movement of thefilling-changing apparatus, said bobbin being shown in Figs. 8 and 9 ath, from which it will be seen that it is relatively very thin verticallyin cross-section and wide horizontally, having a correspondingly-shapedopening h to receive the spindle g and a narrow neck h2 to receive freshfilling to run one or two picks, if necessary, after the filling hasbecome exhausted sufficiently to bring the electrical contacts intooperation. This construction permits a much greater amount of thread tobe Wound on the bobbin for a given length and a given vertical diameteror thickness than otherwise possible,.or, in other words, I am enabledto wind the required amount of thread on a very short bobbin close tothe supporting end of the shuttle and yet without getting it thicker orgreater in diameter than is adapted for the shed, and thus theadvantageous results pointed out above are secured. At the heel end ofthe bobbin I secure a contact-spring h3, connected by a wire h1 to ametal boss h5, which comesin contact with the spindle g when the bobbinis placed in position, said contactspring h3 being normally covered bythe thread when the filling is freshly supplied to the shuttle andremaining covered until the filling is exhausted sufficiently to make itdesirable to supply a new lling and discharge the exhausted one.

At the right-hand end of the shuttle I have shown my tension deviceabovementioned, said tension being herein shown as carried by thefilling-case g and comprising a plate g3, hinged to lugs g4, Fig. 10,and normally held under closing pressure by a spring g5, said platehaving a plurality of depending notched Vribs or .fianges gs, whichcooperate with projections Q7, projecting upwardly from bottom of thecase g, and also, preferably, I suspend auxiliary notched plates g8adjacent the ribs g, said plates g8 being carried by a band 99 of rubberor other resilient material. The thread (indicated at g10, Fig. 11) ismaintained under the desired tension by being caused to pass in theirregular path indicated,

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being thence threaded through a hole or other suitable aperture Q12 andpassing out of the shuttle through a rearwardly-oblique Y notch Q13.

Another advantage of my tension is the facility with which itisthreaded, it only being necessary to throw up the plate g3 and simplylay the thread along the notches of the iianges Q7 and then permit theplate to snap down by reason of its spring g5, whereupon the thread isimmediately placed under tension. The free end of the thread is heldprior to the lling being automatically placed in the sh Little by anysuitable spring-clips Z930, Fig. 3.

It will be understood that I have omitted a multitude of constructionaldetails common to looms and that I have not shown any of the usualoperating mechanism, inasmuch as any common operating mechanism may beused, either such as shown in my beforementioned patent or any otherloom construction.

I have already explained the main connections of the electric circuit,it being understood that any suitable source of supply, as a battery w,will be provided at any suitable location, being connected by wires w'L02 with a plate w3 on the shuttle-box and with the electromagnet,respectively, a wire @U4 leading from said electromagnet to the feeler,and through the latter the circuit is com pleted by contact with spring71,3, thence through wire h4, spindle g', case g, end spring f, plate f2to plate w3, dac.

In operation, the bobbin having been wound with weft, so as to retainthespring h3 in an obvious manner, and placed in the shuttlecase, asshown in the drawings, the free end of the thread is dropped on top ofthe notches of the ribs g7 and the tension-plate is allowed to whip overon top thereof, the thread being then caught in the notch or hole Q12,and the free end thereof is slipped into the spring 530, the case beingplaced in proper position on the traveling sprocket chain or belt of thefilling-supplying mechanism. As the lay is operated in usual manner, theshuttle being shot back and forth through the shed, the iilling willsoon become exhausted, and as soon as it becomes suciently so to releaseor expose the spring h3 the latter will upon the proper pick be engagedby the feeler as the lay comes forward on its front center,and themoment that the feeler and spring h3 come into contact the electriccircuit is thereby completed, energizing the electromagnet Z326. Thelatter instantly raises the armature 1124 of I the lever 1223,therebydepressing the end 1322 thereof, so as to raise the forked end525 of the lever b into the path of the bunter c just before the latterreaches engaging position therewith, whereupon the two come in contact,and the further forward movement of the lay rocks the shaft 510 overrearwardly, so as to depress the ends of the arms 1112, and therebyforcibly lower the ejector Z913 and press or shove the end filling-caseand its contained filling, dac., into the shuttle, at the same timedischarging from the latter the eX- hausted filling-case. As the fillingwas inserted into the shuttle-box the ratchet-arm 217 was by the samemovement moved around to the left, Fig. 1, on the ratchet-wheel, so thatwhen the lay went back, thereby withdrawing the bunter from engagementwith the fork Z925, the spring s caused the ratchet-wheel b5 to rotate,so as to bring a second filling and filling-case into position beneaththe transferrer or ejector Z213 all ready to be put into the shuttlewhenever the previous lling became in turn exhausted. This cycle ofmovements is automatically repeated as the iilling becomes exhausted.

It will be understood that various forms of filling-carriers and ofsupplying and changing mechanisms may be employed and that also myinvention includes changing the shuttles electrically, if desired.

Various other changes than those above mentioned may be resorted towithin the spirit and scope of my invention.

Having described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secureby Letters Patent, is-

1. In a loom, a tension device movable with the shuttle comprising acase having a hinged plate, said case and plate each having a pluralityof ribs arranged respectively opposite to each other, the filling beingreceived between said opposite ribs, and auxiliary plates yieldinglysupported adjacent certain of said ribs to bear yieldingly on thefilling.

2. In a loom, a filling-case adapted to receive and supporta bobbin,said filling-case having a tension device comprising a hinged plate,means normally holding said plate downwardly, a plurality of notchedribs on said plate, a plurality of projections fixed in said caseopposite said ribs, a yielding device extending longitudinally from ribto rib, and auxiliary plates freely suspended from said yielding deviceand normally depending slightly below the upper edges of saidprojections.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this speciiication in thepresence of two subscribing witnesses.

t JOI-IN C. BROOKS.

Witnesses:

FRED LABAUe-H, F. R. ALLEN.

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